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| Previous Nomenclature | Cytoplasmic speckled |
| Description | Small speckles varying in size scattered throughout the cytoplasm with a homogeneous or dense fine speckled background |
| Antigen Association | Jo-1/histidyl-tRNA synthetase |
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Clinical Relevance
First level information About Clinical Relevance & List of Abbreviations |
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▶ Found in patients with the anti-synthetase syndrome (a subset of idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM): interstitial lung disease, polyarthritis, myositis, Raynaud phenomenon, and mechanic’s hands; these clinical features may occur in various combinations or as an isolated manifestation, especially interstitial lung disease [1, 2]. ▶ Autoantibodies associated with the AC-20 pattern are reported for Jo-1 antibodies, which binds histidyl-tRNA synthetase; since AC-20 is not specific for Jo-1, it is recommended to perform a follow-up test for Jo-1 antibodies; the antigen is included in many routine ENA profiles and other connective tissue multianalyte arrays, as well as in disease specific immunoassays (i.e., inflammatory myopathy profile). ▶ Jo-1 antibodies are included in the classification criteria for IIM [3-5]. Notes: The distinction between AC-19 and -20 may depend on the HEp-2 substrate manufacturer and/or antibody concentration; antibodies to Jo-1 may be undetected in HEp-2 IFA-screening. |
| Second level information |
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▶ None |
| References |
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1. Satoh M, Tanaka S, Ceribelli A, Calise SJ, Chan EKL. A Comprehensive Overview on Myositis-Specific Antibodies: New and Old Biomarkers in Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathy. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol. 2017;52:1-19. 2. Marie I, Hatron PY, Cherin P, Hachulla E, Diot E, Vittecoq O, Menard JF, Jouen F, et al. Functional outcome and prognostic factors in anti-Jo1 patients with antisynthetase syndrome. Arthritis Res Ther. 2013;15:R149. 3. Fritzler MJ, Choi MY, Mahler M. The Antinuclear Antibody Test in the Diagnosis of Antisynthetase Syndrome and Other Autoimmune Myopathies. J Rheumatol. 2018;45:444-5. 4. Lundberg IE, Tjarnlund A, Bottai M, Werth VP, Pilkington C, Visser M, Alfredsson L, Amato AA, et al. 2017 European League Against Rheumatism/American College of Rheumatology classification criteria for adult and juvenile idiopathic inflammatory myopathies and their major subgroups. Ann Rheum Dis. 2017;76:1955-64. 5. Choi MY, Satoh M, Fritzler MJ. Update on autoantibodies and related biomarkers in autoimmune inflammatory myopathies. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2023;35:383-94. |
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