ICAP
AC-28 - Mitotic chromosomal
Previous Nomenclature Chromosome coat protein, dividing cell antigen, mitotic chromosome autoantigen (MCA)
Description Punctate coloration of chromosomes in pro- and metaphase with no staining of interphase cells
Antigen Association Modified histone H3, MCA1, MCA5, and DCA
Clinical Relevance
First level information
About Clinical Relevance & List of Abbreviations
The AC-28 pattern has low positive predictive value for any disease.
Found infrequently in a routine diagnostic setting [1].
Antigens recognized include DCA, MCA1, and MCA5; specific immunoassays for these autoantibodies are currently not commercially available [1-3].
Second level information
Autoantibodies to DCA have been described in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus [2].
Autoantibodies to MCA1 have been described in patients with cancer [3].
Autoantibodies to MCA5 have been described in patients with discoid lupus erythematosus, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, Sjögren disease, and polymyalgia rheumatica [1].
References
1.
Gitlits VM, Macaulay SL, Toh BH, Sentry JW. Novel human autoantibodies to phosphoepitopes on mitotic chromosomal autoantigens (MCAs). J Investig Med. 2000;48:172-82.
2.
Blaschek M, Muller S, Youinou P. Anti-"dividing cell antigen" autoantibody: a novel antinuclear antibody pattern related to histones in systemic lupus erythematosus. J Clin Immunol. 1993;13:329-38.
3.
Rayzman VM, Sentry JW. MCA1 detection of histone H3 serine 10 phosphorylation, a novel biomarker for determination of mitotic indices. Hum Antibodies. 2006;15:71-80.
Last updated in September 2025
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Online since 19 May 2015